ग्रामीण और शहरी पर्यावरणीय समस्याएं

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i;kZoj.kh; leL;k,a] ekuo vkSj i;kZoj.k ds e/; varlaZca/kksa dh tfVyrk dks le>us dk ,d oSKkfud ç;kl gSA ;g u dsoy çk—frd ifj?kVukvksa tSls tyok;q] LFkyk—fr] ty lalk/ku] tSo fofo/krk vkSj ikfjfLFkfrdh ra= dk v/;;u djrk gS] cfYd ;g ;g Hkh tkaprk gS fd ekuo lekt bu çk—frd lalk/kuksa dk fdl çdkj mi;ksx djrk gS] fdl gn rd mu ij fuHkZj djrk gS vkSj fdl çdkj mudk nksgu ;k laj{k.k djrk gSA vk/kqfud ;qx esa ftl xfr ls 'kgjhdj.k] vkS|ksxhdj.k] tula[;k o`f) vkSj lalk/kuksa dk vfrnksgu gqvk gS] mlus oSf'od vkSj LFkkuh; nksuksa Lrjksa ij i;kZoj.kh; ladV mRiUu fd, gSaA bu ladVksa dk lek/kku [kkstus dh fn'kk esa i;kZoj.kh; leL;k,a vR;ar egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkrk gSA lrr fodkl] ,d ,slk –f"Vdks.k gS tks orZeku dh vko';drkvksa dh iwfrZ djrs gq, Hkfo"; dh ihf<+;ksa ds fy, lalk/kuksa dh miyC/krk dks cuk, j[kus ij cy nsrk gSA ;g vo/kkj.kk dsoy vkfFkZd vkSj lkekftd igyqvksa rd lhfer ugha gS] cfYd ;g i;kZoj.kh; larqyu vkSj lalk/kuksa dh iqu#Rikndrk dks Hkh dsaæ esa j[krh gSA ,sls esa] i;kZoj.kh; Hkwxksy vkSj lrr fodkl ds e/; ,d xgjk fj'rk curk gSA tc fodkl ;kstuk,a ikfjfLFkfrd –f"V ls larqfyr gksa] rHkh os okLro esa LFkk;h fl) gks ldrh gSaA Hkkjr tSls fo'kky vkSj fofo/krkiw.kZ ns'k esa tgk¡ ,d vksj egkuxjksa esa tula[;k vkSj fuekZ.k xfrfof/k;k¡ foLQksVd :i ys jgh gSa] ogha nwljh vksj xzkeh.k {ks=ksa esa ikjaifjd —f"k i)fr;ksa] ty çca/ku vkSj ouksa ij fuHkZjrk vkt Hkh çpfyr gSA bl 'kgjh vkSj xzkeh.k foHkktu us i;kZoj.kh; leL;kvksa ds :i] ç—fr vkSj lek/kku dks Hkh fHkUu cuk fn;k gSA mnkgj.kr%] tgk¡ 'kgjh {ks=ksa esa ok;q çnw"k.k] Bksl vif'k"V çca/ku] vkSj ty ladV çeq[k eqís gSa] ogha xzkeh.k {ks=ksa esa feêh dk {kj.k] ouksa dh dVkbZ vkSj tyok;q vfuf'prrk tSlh leL;k,¡ mHkj jgh gSaA