Re-Figuring the Paleolithic: A Comparative Morphometric Analysis of Gravettian Venus Figurines and Implications for Early Human Cognition

This paper presents a comprehensive morphometric analysis of Gravettian Venus figurines, exploring their variations and potential cognitive implications for early human populations. Using advanced 3D modeling and statistical techniques, we compare a representative sample of these iconic artifacts to identify key morphological features and patterns. Our findings shed light on the symbolic and cultural significance of these figurines, offering insights into the cognitive capacities, social structures, and belief systems of Gravettian societies. We argue that the observed variations in morphology reflect diverse cultural expressions and adaptations to local environmental conditions, suggesting a complex interplay between human cognition and socio-ecological factors during the Upper Paleolithic. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of early human symbolic behavior and the origins of art.