Abstract

Opportunistic infections (OIs) predominantly occur in individuals with compromised immune systems—particularly those living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), organ transplant recipients, or patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy due to chronic illnesses. These infections lead to various alterations in the hematological system. This article scientifically analyzes the changes in key blood parameters during OIs, including hemoglobin, leukocytes, lymphocytes, platelets, C-reactive protein (CRP), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). Such hematological changes are of diagnostic and prognostic importance and play a critical role in monitoring the effectiveness of treatment.