Economic and Policy Reforms for Strengthening National Food Security: Evidence from Uzbekistan

Food security has become a strategic priority for Uzbekistan amid global economic uncertainties, climate challenges, and growing population demands. This study examines the impact of government policy reforms, agricultural subsidies, and international trade measures on the country’s food self-sufficiency and rural development. Using a mixed-method approach, the research analyzes macroeconomic indicators, agricultural performance data, and policy frameworks implemented between 2016 and 2024. The findings reveal that targeted economic liberalization and state support for farmers have significantly improved food availability and access, while trade diversification has reduced import dependency on staple goods. However, institutional inefficiencies, limited technological innovation, and unequal resource allocation continue to constrain progress toward sustainable food systems. The study underscores the necessity of integrated economic and policy reforms that combine market mechanisms with inclusive rural development strategies. The results offer practical insights for policymakers seeking to balance national food security objectives with global trade competitiveness and socioeconomic stability.