Off-Grid Cloud Data Center Renewable Forecasting Dataset

This dataset provides high-resolution, real-time operational measurements collected from an off-grid, renewable-powered cloud data-center environment operating between 3 February 2022 and 3 July 2025, recorded at a 10-minute temporal resolution. It captures the environmental, electrical, thermal, and ICT workload characteristics that jointly influence renewable energy generation, storage behavior, and sustainable data-center operations. The dataset was developed and maintained by the National University Hospital Energy Innovation Center (NUHEIC), Oslo, Norway, as part of its ongoing initiatives to support research in renewable-powered computing infrastructures and resilient microgrid architectures.

The environmental telemetry includes global, direct, and diffuse solar irradiance (GHI/DNI/DHI), ambient temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, precipitation, aerosol optical depth (AOD), cloud coverage, and wind measurements at 10 m and 100 m heights. These measurements capture fast-changing meteorological conditions affecting solar and wind availability.

The dataset also provides detailed photovoltaic (PV) information, including DC and AC power generation, module temperature, inverter efficiency, tilt and azimuth configuration, and curtailment signals. The wind-generation block contains turbine-level power output derived from wind–power characteristics relevant to microgrid energy balancing.

Battery storage telemetry records state-of-charge (SOC), state-of-health (SOH), battery temperature, charge/discharge power, and storage efficiency, enabling analysis of charge cycles, thermal stability, and long-term degradation.

Data-center operational measurements include IT load, total system load, CPU and GPU utilization, memory utilization, cooling power consumption, PUE, inlet/outlet temperature, and fan speed. These parameters quantify how renewable fluctuations interact with computational demand, thermal behavior, and cooling strategies.

Additionally, several derived indicators are included for advanced analytics and forecasting:

• NEB (Net Energy Balance),

• REAF (Renewable Energy Availability Forecast target),

• SGF/WGF (Solar/Wind Generation forecasting targets),

• SOC-F (battery charge-level forecasting target),

• EEIF (Energy Efficiency Indicator),

• RAC (Renewable Adequacy Class: Low, Medium, High),

• SOW (Sustainability-of-Workload binary label).