Climate Migration and Global Policy Responses in India: An Analytical Review

Climate-induced migration has emerged as a critical humanitarian and developmental challenge globally, with India standing at the forefront due to its profound geographical vulnerability and socioeconomic conditions. This Paper provides a comprehensive analysis of climate migration in India, examining its multifaceted drivers, the scale of displacement, and the severe socioeconomic and human rights impacts on affected populations. It critically assesses India's existing national policy frameworks and legislative initiatives, highlighting significant gaps and implementation challenges. Concurrently, the Paper explores the evolving landscape of global policy responses, detailing the roles of international organizations and the limitations of current international legal instruments. The analysis reveals an urgent need for a holistic, rights-based, and integrated approach at both national and international levels, advocating for proactive policy formulation, robust implementation of adaptation strategies, and strengthened international cooperation to protect and rehabilitate climate-displaced communities and ensure long-term resilience and sustainable development.