REVIEW ON BIOACTIVE CONSTITUENTS AND ANTI-HYPERGLYCEMIC MECHANISMS OF SEA BUCKTHORN: FROM ETHNO PHARMACOLOGY TO EVIDENCE-BASED APPLICATION

Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) has been recognized for its potential to manage hyperglycemia. This review synthesizes findings from various studies on the anti-hyperglycemic effects of sea buckthorn extracts and oils. Animal models have shown that sea buckthorn can significantly lower blood glucose levels and improve insulin sensitivity. Mechanisms include enhancement of insulin signaling, inhibition of glucose absorption in the intestines, and modulation of glucose transporter proteins. Human studies corroborate these findings, demonstrating improvements in postprandial glycemic control and reductions in fasting plasma glucose levels after sea buckthorn consumption. The bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids and fatty acids, contribute to these effects through antioxidant activity and free radical scavenging. Overall, sea buckthorn presents a promising natural therapeutic option for diabetes management, warranting further research to elucidate its benefits and applications fully.