DEPRESSIVE AND ANXIETY SYMPTOMS IN HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS FROM EMERGENCY CARE UNITS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

This study aims to analyze depressive and anxiety symptoms among healthcare professionals working in Emergency Care Units (UPAs) in Natal, Brazil, in the context of COVID-19 pandemic, identifying prevalence rates and associated factors. A quantitative, cross-sectional study was conducted with 172 healthcare professionals. Data were collected in the second half of 2022 and included sociodemographic, occupational, and clinical information, along with the application of instruments to assess depressive (BDI) and anxiety (BAI) symptoms. The results showed that approximately 29% of participants presented moderate to severe anxiety symptoms, and 16% presented moderate to severe depressive symptoms. Multivariate analysis revealed significant associations between depressive symptoms and burnout subscales, especially emotional exhaustion (p = 0.034) and low personal accomplishment (p = 0.003). Additionally, factors such as Black and Brown race/color (p = 0.006) and mixed or night work shifts (p = 0.044) were significantly associated with more severe depressive symptoms. Regarding moderate/severe anxiety symptoms, significant associations were found with race (Black and Brown individuals) (p = 0.031), insufficient Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) (p = 0.016), loss of family members to COVID-19 (p = 0.032), and the presence of clinical comorbidities (p = 0.044). This study highlights the urgent need for public policies aimed at promoting the mental health of frontline healthcare workers, with a focus on racial equity, workplace safety, and psychosocial support.