The United States and China compete over the use of artificial intelligence in the military sector.

Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to a set of technologies capable of simulating intelligence and performing tasks such as perception, understanding, inference, and decision-making autonomously. Drawing upon computer science, electronics, mathematics (particularly statistics), neuroscience, and cognitive science, AI has rapidly expanded in scope and application. Its influence is now evident across diverse scientific, industrial, and strategic domains.

Among these, the military sector stands out as one of the most significant arenas where AI applications are transforming capabilities. With advancements in machine learning and deep learning, modern warfare is experiencing a paradigm shift in both strategy and execution. Accordingly, the central question of this research is: What are the applications of artificial intelligence in the military sector? The objective is to analyze how AI is being integrated into defense systems, with a particular focus on the competition between the United States and China.

This study employs a qualitative, descriptive-analytical approach, using case study and sampling techniques to examine the military AI capabilities of these two global powers. Findings suggest that the role of AI in military affairs is rapidly expanding, reshaping not only the conduct of wars but also their ultimate outcomes. Furthermore, the research highlights that regulating and managing the degree of autonomy granted to intelligent military systems remains a critical challenge requiring urgent attention.