EVALUATION OF ANTI-VEGF THERAPY IN AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of irreversible central vision loss among the elderly, profoundly impacting quality of life and independence. The advent of intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy revolutionized the management of neovascular (wet) AMD, shifting treatment goals from mere stabilization of vision to meaningful visual improvement. This study evaluates the long-term clinical efficacy, safety, and outcomes of anti-VEGF therapy in patients with various stages of neovascular AMD.

Data from 230 patients treated over a 24-month period were analyzed, focusing on best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central retinal thickness (CRT), and frequency of injections. Results revealed significant improvement in BCVA and reduction in CRT within the first year, followed by a plateau phase with maintenance dosing. Anti-VEGF agents, including ranibizumab, aflibercept, and bevacizumab, demonstrated comparable safety profiles with minimal adverse effects. The findings emphasize the necessity of individualized treatment regimens, adherence to follow-up schedules, and early intervention to maximize therapeutic outcomes.