Assessment of Public Acceptance and Compliance with Traffic Congestion Pricing: A Case Study of Ranchi City, India

Abstract: This work evaluates the necessity and efficacy of congestion pricing on the main road in Ranchi city, aiming to provide a detailed roadmap for its implementation and address potential challenges. Extensive data analysis reveals severe traffic congestion, particularly during peak hours, with Passenger Car Units (PCU) peaking at 2,747 and Peak Hour Factors (PHF) reaching 0.97. Economic assessments highlight significant losses resulting from prolonged travel times, increased fuel consumption, and elevated environmental costs associated with emissions. The findings indicate that time loss costs for commuters and businesses are substantial, with heavy motor vehicles incurring up to ₹2.53 per km in time costs and ₹12 per km in fuel costs. Environmental costs are also considerable due to increased CO2 emissions. The proposed congestion pricing strategy includes a charge of ₹50 for heavy vehicles, ₹30 for four-wheelers, ₹20 for three-wheelers, and ₹10 for two-wheelers during peak hours. This strategy aims to optimize traffic flow, reduce delays, and improve air quality. This study highlights the pressing need for effective traffic management solutions to improve urban mobility and economic efficiency in urban areas.