Optimized Thermal Treatment of Lithium-Ion Battery Components as a Basis for Sustainable Pyrometallurgy

This paper describes an optimized low-temperature pyrometallurgical pre-treatment process for lithium-ion battery recycling. It identifies 500 °C as the ideal temperature for complete organic removal, preserving valuable materials like NMC cathodes, while reducing energy consumption and hazardous emissions. The work provides a practical, scalable, and cost-effective strategy to enhance battery recycling and support a circular economy for critical materials.