ACCOUNTING PRACTICES IN TOURISM AND HOTEL SERVICE PROVIDERS: EVIDENCE FROM UZBEKISTAN

The tourism and hospitality industry has become one of the most significant contributors to Uzbekistan’s economic diversification. However, the accounting and financial reporting practices of tourism and hotel service providers remain inconsistent and often fail to meet international standards. This study investigates the structure, challenges, and practical applications of accounting systems in Uzbekistan’s tourism enterprises. The paper combines a literature review of international and national accounting standards with a case-based analysis of journal entries applied in hospitality operations. The research identifies four major accounting issues: inconsistent revenue recognition, inadequate cost classification, absence of standardized accounting policies, and insufficient staff training. To address these, the study proposes a set of model accounting entries—covering advance payments, service revenue recognition, operating expenses, depreciation, and tax obligations—aligned with the National Accounting Standards of Uzbekistan and IFRS 15 (“Revenue from Contracts with Customers”).