Evaluation of the Physical Parameters of Cefixime Suspension (Imported and Locally Produced) in Kabul City

Background: Cefixime 100 mg/5 mL suspension is a widely used antibiotic, especially in pediatrics. Evaluation of its physical parameters is essential for ensuring product quality, patient safety, and therapeutic effectiveness. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 21 available brands of Cefixime suspension collected from pharmacies in Kabul city. Four key parameters were assessed: labeling and appearance, total volume, pH, and sedimentation volume. Results: Significant labeling deficiencies were found in 15 samples (71%), including missing reconstitution instructions, incomplete volume declaration, and absence of product brochures. Eighteen samples (86%) met USP standards for total volume, while three failed (25.5 mL, 23.0 mL, and 38.66 mL). For pH (acceptable range: 2.5–4.5), 15 samples (71%) complied, whereas others exceeded the limit. Sedimentation volume (F) indicated that 12 samples (57%) were ideal (F ≈ 1.0), 4 (19%) acceptable (F = 0.5–1.0), and 4 (19%) poor (F < 0.3), suggesting high risk of caking. Conclusion: This research was conducted to evaluate the physical parameters of both locally manufactured and imported Cefixime suspensions. Cefixime is exerts its antibacterial effect by inhibiting the transpeptidase enzyme during bacterial cell wall synthesis, thereby preventing cell wall formation.