Integer programming for optimized nurse scheduling: A model for efficient workforce allocation in healthcare systems

Effective nurse scheduling is essential for optimizing healthcare workforce management. This study presents an integer programming model that ensures optimal shift allocation while balancing operational efficiency, legal constraints, and staff preferences. By minimizing scheduling inefficiencies and improving workload distribution, the model enhances both cost-effectiveness and nurse satisfaction. The result of implementation at mile four hospital Abakaliki, Nigeria produces optimal allocation of nurses for days off and also optimal number of nurse requirement for each ward or unit. Results demonstrate superior performance over traditional scheduling methods by minimizing 0.09% of the hospital’s total nursing staff cost. This framework offers a scalable solution for improving workforce allocation in healthcare systems.