Algorithm Awareness and Apathy: An Exploratory Study of Generation Z's Media Literacy

Abstract

With the convergence of social and news media in recent years and the rapidly changing digital world, the nature of truth has been frequently contested and challenged on social media platforms. This exploratory study investigates the media literacy of Generation Z and their conceptions and practices in relation to the “post-truth” information environment. Drawing on six semi-structured focus groups conducted with a total of 24 undergraduate students enrolled at a university in Ireland, the findings highlight a concerning apathy among participants. First, although participants demonstrated basic awareness of algorithmic manipulation on social media, they seemed to be indifferent to the deeper societal consequences of potentially harmful information. Second, participants rarely engaged in fact-checking and flagging mis-/disinformation despite recognizing their importance, especially when social media has become their main information source. Our study sheds light on some potential gaps in media literacy education for Gen Z and offers three recommendations: Enhance understanding of platform mechanisms and AI, encourage positive uses of social media, and advocate for a healthy and sustainable information environment. These recommendations are crucial for fostering responsible engagement in the digital age.