THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON THE CHOICE OF CONSTRUCTION TECH-NOLOGIES

Abstract

Modern construction is undergoing a profound transformation driven by global climate change. Rising temperatures, increased humidity, extreme precipitation, and wind loads are forcing a rethinking of architectural and engineering approaches and the principles of selecting construction technologies. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the impact of climatic factors on the design, technological, and operational characteristics of buildings. Particular attention is paid to the adaptation of construction technologies to various climatic zones worldwide, including Europe, the Middle East, Russia, Kazakhstan, and the Caucasus region.

This article examines current trends in the evolution of building materials and architectural solutions, including the use of phase-changing and geopolymer materials, ventilated facades, dynamic envelopes, energy storage systems, and climate-active coatings. The role of digitalization is highlighted, including the implementation of BIM and CFD modeling, artificial intelligence technologies, and predictive microclimate control. Particular emphasis is placed on the integration of renewable energy sources (solar, geothermal, and wind systems) into the structure of buildings and urban developments.

The scientific novelty of this study lies in its rationale for shifting from the concept of sustainable to self-adaptive construction, which views buildings as intelligent systems that interact with the climate and are capable of energy self-regulation. The practical significance of this work lies in the potential application of the identified principles in developing national standards for climate-resilient construction, improving architectural design, and shaping national environmental policy in the construction sector.