EVALUATION OF ER, PR, HER 2 neu AND KI 67 CORRELATING WITH OTHER PROGNOSTIC FACTORS IN CARCINOMA BREAST

Introduction: In females, breast carcinoma is the most common malignancy accounting for 23% of all malignant tumours. Various predictive and prognostic factors affect tumour progression. In addition to estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptors (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor (Her2neu), recently Ki67, a proliferative marker has been recognized as an important predictive and prognostic marker in many studies.

Aims & objectives: 1) To evaluate the expression of ER, PR, Her2neu and Ki67 proliferative index in Tertiary care hospital patients. 2) To compare the expression of these factors with other prognostic parameters such as menopausal status, size of the tumour, grade, histological type, mitotic index, lymphovascular invasion and nodal metastasis.

Materials & Methods: The present study is a retrospective cohort study carried out over a period of Two and half years in the department of pathology at Santhiram medical college & general hospital from Jan 2023 to Aug 2025 through data collected from hospital records. In this period, a total of 50 cases of breast carcinomas that fulfilled the criteria were studied. The histopathological grading of the breast carcinoma was done according to the Nottingham modification of the Bloom Richardson grading system. All the cases underwent immunohistochemistry for ER, PR, Her2neu and Ki67 expression. Correlation of ER, PR, Her2neu and Ki67 with various prognostic factors was done.

Results: The expression of ER and PR decreased as the grade of the tumour increased. Ki67 proliferative index increased as the grade of the tumour increased. Ki67 proliferative index also increased as the mitotic count increased. None of these markers showed a correlation with other prognostic factors.

Conclusion: The present study concludes that ER, PR reveals inverse relationship and Ki67 showed a direct relationship with the grade of the tumour.