Published October 29, 2025 | Version v1
Journal article Open

PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF MULTICAST PROTOCOLS

Authors/Creators

  • 1. ROR icon Samuel Adegboyega University
  • 2. ROR icon Federal University of Petroleum Resource Effurun

Description

In this paper, we report an analytic comparison of control bandwidth overheads (CBOs) for
different implementations of protocol independent multicast (PIM) variants in a hierarchical
network environment using combinatorial technique. We find that over networks with several
numbers of hierarchies PIM variants can have significantly different CBO per group member. In
particular, the modified dense mode (DM) with state refresh (DMSR) typically has significantly
lower CBO per group member than DM with flood and prune (DMFP) mechanism. Also studied
is the precise measure of the relative performance between sparse mode (SM) and source specific
multicast (SSM) protocols. The results show that the overhead costs of these protocols depend
strongly on the choice of the protocol and the operating conditions present. Our findings show that
at low network utilisation (i.e., a sparse network) there is a great sensitivity as SM is by far the
most efficient protocol. The performance difference between SSM and DMSR protocols is also
significant as SSM is better than DMSR for small groups while for large groups DMSR is superior.
These results provide useful information to the network community, particularly network
designers, integrators and users.


Keywords: Control bandwidth overhead, Hierarchical networks, Multicast, Sensitivity, Network
utilisation.

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Additional details

Identifiers

DOI
10.5281/zenodo.17470309

References

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