CONTEXTUAL USE OF CULTURAL REALIA AND THEIR FUNCTIONS

This study explores the contextual use of cultural realia—authentic physical objects from target cultures—in language education and intercultural training settings. Using a qualitative, multi-site case study approach, data were collected through classroom observations, interviews, focus groups, and artifact analysis across language classrooms and intercultural workshops. Findings reveal that realia serve multiple pedagogical and communicative functions, including cognitive support, emotional engagement, practical application, and critical cultural reflection. These functions varied according to context, learning objectives, and participant demographics. Realia not only enhanced language comprehension but also fostered intercultural awareness and dialogue, particularly when integrated with reflective and learner-centered activities. However, their effective use requires careful cultural framing and contextual adaptation. The study concludes that realia are dynamic, multifunctional tools that bridge linguistic content and cultural experience, and calls for more exploration into their digital counterparts and long-term impact on intercultural competence.