Commentary of Record on the Expression of Concern Regarding Kim HJ et al. (2025)

This commentary serves to document and contextualize the ongoing debate surrounding Kim et al. (2025), whose cancer incidence study is now under an Expression of Concern by Biomarker Research. It summarizes the author’s prior critiques, identifying an epidemiological paradox and a possible inversion in propensity score matching, and notes that, following the journal’s rejection of the original note, a unified scientific paper combining both analyses has been shared with the scientific community to ensure continued scholarly review and transparency