Response Growth and Yield of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Weeds Associated with Tillage Systems (2).

A field experiment effect of tillage system on growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) for associated weeds in the dry land was carried out during the agricultural season 2023-2024 in two locations, the first in the Kwaitla village (35 km west of the city center of Mosul), and the second in the Seta village (30 km southwest of the city center of Mosul), (About 400 mm of rainfall for each), with different soil texture. The experiment was conducted in cooperation with the World Food program WFP. The experiment included two factors, the first was tillage systems: Conventional Tillage system (CT) and Zero Tillage system (ZT), the second factor was two locations. The experiment was designed according to the factorial experiment system using a completely randomized block design and with three replications. The wheat grains (Ozgan Var.) were sown at a sowing rate of 100 kg hectare-1. Fertilizer was added (DAP) and Urea by 100 kg hectare-1 per each. The data were analyzed statistically with the SAS program and the mean parameters were compared using the Duncan multi-range test.  The results obtained that Kwaitla location outperformed the seta location in the traits of weeds number.m-2 and number of grains.spike-1. while the seta location outperformed the Kwaitla location in the spike tall, weight of 1000 grain and plant height, the two locations did not differ in the other traits, the (CT) system outperformed in weeds number.m-2, spike tall compared with (ZT) system, non- significant between the two system in number of grains of spike only, the (ZT) system outperformed at the other traits compared with the (CT) system. In the interaction between locations and tillage systems, the interaction of the ZT system in Seta location achieved a significant superiority in grains yield trait with a value of (523.33 gm.m-2), while the lowest value was (191.67 gm.m-2) was to the interaction of the CT system at the Seta location.