Physical chemistry and geological principles against the possibility of explosive H₂ reservoirs beneath deep seafloors

An updated version is recently published in Results in Earth Sciences (OA: 2026-06-07):

Niu, Y.L., 2026. Physical and geological constraints on natural hydrogen accumulation beneath deep seafloors, Results in Earth Sciences: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rines.2026.100166

ResearchGare: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/406244860_Physical_and_geological_constraints_on_natural_hydrogen_accumulation_beneath_deep_seafloors 

WeChat:

https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/3VA4GMgoiUOSotbd_fqOwA  

Rreprint published on Zenodo to establish authorship priority (publicly available, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17410483)

(not peer-reviewed yet)

Abstract

Recent discoveries of hydrogen-rich hydrothermal systems in the western Pacific, notably the Kunlun system, have highlighted the potential for significant hydrogen generation in deep-ocean environments. These findings underscore China's leadership in deep-sea research and oceanographic exploration. However, certain interpretations of these discoveries appear to conflict with established principles of chemistry, physics, and geology. Such discrepancies, if unaddressed, could undermine the scientific credibility of these achievements and the reputations of supporting institutions. This perspective provides a balanced analysis of the thermodynamic and geological factors influencing hydrogen generation during serpentinization of ultramafic rocks. By synthesizing current research, we aim to inform ongoing discussions and guide future investigations in this area. The objective is to promote rigorous scientific standards and contribute positively to the advancement of geoscience, particularly among emerging scientists.