Novel Emerging Mechanisms in Acetaminophen (APAP) Hepatotoxicity

ABSTRACT

Background: Drug-induced
liver injury represents a critical public health issue, marked by unpredictable and potentially severe
adverse reactions to medications, herbal products or dietary supplements.
Aims: Acetaminophen is notably a leading cause of hepatotoxicity, impacting over one million individuals worldwide.
Materials & Methods: Extensive research has elucidated the intricate mechanisms driving APAP-induced
liver injury, emphasising
the significant roles of endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death.

Results: These insights pave the way for innovative therapeutic strategies, including the use of magnesium, bile acids, microbiota
modulation and mesenchymal stem cells.
Discussion & Conclusion: This review explores into these pathological mechanisms, proposing viable therapeutic interventions
for patients suffering from APAP-induced
liver injury.