STOMA STENOSIS (STOMAL STRICTURE): DEFINITION, GRADING, AND CURRENT CHALLENGES IN CLASSIFICATION — TOWARDS STANDARDISATION OF TERMINOLOGY AND OUTCOMES

Stoma stenosis (stomal stricture) is a clinically significant late complication of intestinal stomas, characterised by progressive narrowing of the stoma lumen that impairs evacuation, appliance adherence and overall quality of life (Emile 2020; Parini 2023; Duchesne 2002). Despite its relevance, the absence of a unified definition or severity classification hampers accurate reporting, comparison across studies and benchmarking of surgical outcomes.