HISTOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF COLON POLYPS IN PATIENTS OF GRODNO REGION IN 2025 (BELARUS)

Abstract

Colon polyps are benign tumor formations. The diagnostic difficulty of colon polyps is that the disease is often asymptomatic. Obviously, the decrease in the incidence of colorectal cancer is due to the timely detection, removal of benign polyps and prediction of the course of the disease in each individual case.  We investigated the distribution of colon adenomas in patients of the Grodno region with the diagnosis of colon polyp (D12) treated at the Grodno University Clinic in 2025 depending on the sex, age of the patient and the histological type of the tumor. It was found that in the patients in the age group of 35-50 years, the histological type tubular adenoma occurred significantly more often (p ˂0.05) – in 45.3% of cases. With an increase in age, the proportions of the histological types tubulovillous adenoma and  villous adenoma increased significantly (p˂0.05) and the proportions of the histological types hyperplastic polyp and serrated adenoma decreased. In the patients in the age group above 65 years, the proportion of benign tumors of the histological type villous adenoma reached 36.3%. In the male patients, the histological type of tumor villous adenoma was significantly (p˂0.05) more common (37.9% of cases), and the types hyperplastic polyp and serrated adenoma occurred less often (1.3% and  6.6% of cases, correspondingly)  than in the female patients.