Published October 10, 2025
| Version v1
Journal article
Open
Triassic iotacyphids shed light on the venation of crown Thysanoptera and their stem relatives (Condylognatha: Holothysanoptera)
Authors/Creators
- 1. Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- 2. University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
- 3. Museo cantonale di storia naturale, Lugano, Switzerland
- 4. Laboratory, Palaeontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- 5. Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, United States of America|Peretti Museum Foundation, Meggen, Switzerland
Description
Abstract
We report the discovery of the first Triassic 'shielded thrips' of the family Iotacyphidae, represented by two species: Triassocypha prima gen. et sp. nov. and T. secunda sp. nov. The species are described and illustrated, and comparisons are made with other stem-Thysanoptera lineages. The unique wing venation of Iotacyphidae and related families is reinterpreted in the light of these new fossils. The venation pattern supports the diagnosis of the family, as well as of higher clades within the broader lineage that includes both thrips and their extinct relatives (in the total group Holothysanoptera, formerly Thripida), and contributes to clarifying the systematics of thrips.
Files
ASP_article_161465.pdf
Files
(4.7 MB)
| Name | Size | Download all |
|---|---|---|
|
md5:b76007bf19a5acd625d432c0d1cd2c1f
|
4.7 MB | Preview Download |
System files
(123.0 kB)
| Name | Size | Download all |
|---|---|---|
|
md5:8a6c23fedc436b56207aed9b41631b6e
|
123.0 kB | Download |
Linked records
Additional details
References
- Azar D, Engel MS, Grimaldi DA (2010) A new genus of sphaeropsocid bark lice from the Early Cretaceous amber of Lebanon (Psocodea: Sphaeropsocidae). Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 46(1–2): 103–107. https://doi.org/10.1080/00379271.2010.10697643
- Bernasconi SM (1994) Geochemical and microbial controls on dolomite formation in anoxic environments: a case study from the Middle Triassic (Ticino, Switzerland). Contributions to Sedimentology 19: 1–109. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/140499
- Chisholm IE, Lewis T (1984) A new look at thrips (Thysanoptera) mouthparts, their action and effect of feeding on plant tissue. Bulletin of Entomological Research 74(4): 663–675. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485300014048
- Cumming RT, Engel MS, Lian Z, Ulitzka MR (2024) Small, intricate, and beautiful; a new species of lophioneurid from the Cretaceous (Insecta: Thripida: †Lophioneurida). Faunitaxys 12(58): 1–10. https://doi.org/10.57800/faunitaxys-12(58)
- Furrer H (1995) The Kalkschieferzone (Upper Meride Limestone; Ladinian) near Meride (Canton Ticino, Southern Switzerland) and the evolution of a Middle Triassic intraplatform basin. Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae 88: 827–852. https://doi.org/10.5169/seals-167706
- Grimaldi D, Engel MS (2006) Extralimital fossils of the "Gondwanan" family Sphaeropsocidae (Insecta: Psocodea). American Museum Novitates 3523: 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1206/0003-0082(2006)3523[1:EFOTGF]2.0.CO;2
- Heming BS (1993) Structure, function, ontogeny and evolution of feeding in thrips (Thysanoptera). In: Schaefer CW, Leschen RAB (Eds) Functional morphology of insect feeding. Thomas Say Publications in Entomology, Entomological Society of America, Lanham, 3–41.
- Huang D, Bechly G, Nel P, Engel MS, Prokop J, Azar D, Cai C, van de Kamp T, Staniczek AH, Garrouste R, Krogmann L, dos Santos Rolo T, Baumbach T, Ohlhoff R, Shmakov AS, Bourgoin T, Nel A (2016) New fossil insect order Permopsocida elucidates major radiation and evolution of suction feeding in hemimetabolous insects (Hexapoda: Acercaria). Scientific Reports 6: 23004. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep23004
- Hunter WB, Ullman DE (1989) Analysis of mouthpart movements during feeding of Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) and F. schultzei Trybom (Thysanoptera Thripidae). International Journal of Insect Morphology & Embryology 18(2–3): 161–171. https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7322(89)90024-X
- Montagna M, Magoga G, Magnani F (2024a) The Middle Triassic palaeontomofauna of Monte San Giorgio with the description of Merithone laetitiae (†Permithonidae) gen. et sp. nov. Swiss Journal of Palaeontology 143: 17. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13358-024-00317-6
- Montagna M, Magoga G, Stockar R, Magnani F (2024b) The contribution of the Middle Triassic fossil assemblage of Monte San Giorgio to insect evolution. Communications Biology 7: 1023. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-024-06678-5
- Nel A, Prokop J, Nel P, Grandcolas P, Huang D, Roques P, Guilbert E, Dostál O, Szwedo J (2012) Traits and evolution of wing venation pattern in paraneopteran insects. Journal of Morphology 273: 480–506. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmor.11036
- Nel P, Azar D, Nel A (2007) A new 'primitive' family of thrips from Early Cretaceous Lebanese amber (Insecta, Thysanoptera). Cretaceous Research 28: 1033–1038. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cretres.2007.02.003
- Nel P, Azar D, Prokop J, Roques P, Hodebert G, Nel A (2012) From Carboniferous to recent: wing venation enlightens evolution of thysanopteran lineage. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 10(2): 385–399. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14772019.2011.598578
- Nel P, Retana-Salazar AP, Azar D, Nel A, Huang D (2014) Redefining the Thripida (Insecta: Paraneoptera). Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 12(7): 865–878. https://doi.org/10.1080/14772019.2013.841781
- Nel P, Engel MS, Soriano C, Pont S, Jacquelin L, Dollinger L, Desutter-Grandcolas L, Robillard T, Garrouste R, Azar D, Nel A (2025) Unraveling the insect head: segmentation and pancrustacean homologies. Arthropod Structure & Development 87: 101462. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2025.101462
- Preto N, Kustatscher E, Wignall PB (2010) Triassic climates – state of the art and perspectives. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 290: 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2010.03.015
- Rasnitsyn AP (1982) Proposal to regulate the names of taxa above the family group. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 39(3): 200–207. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.23575
- Rieppel O (2019) Mesozoic sea dragons: Triassic marine life from the ancient tropical lagoon of Monte San Giorgio. Indiana University Press, Bloomington, 256 pp.
- Rohdendorf BB (1977) The rationalization of names of higher taxa in zoology. Paleontological Journal 11(2): 149–155.
- Schubnel T, Desutter-Grandcolas L, Legendre F, Prokop J, Mazurier A, Garrouste R, Grandcolas P, Nel A (2020) To be or not to be: postcubital vein in insects revealed by microtomography. Systematic Entomology 45: 327–336. https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12399
- Senn A (1924) Beiträge zur Geologie des Alpensüdrandes zwischen Mendrisio und Varese. Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae 18: 552–632. https://doi.org/10.5169/seals-158266
- Schubnel T, Mazurier A, Nel A, Grandcolas P, Desutter-Grandcolas L, Legendre F, Garrouste R (2023) Flat does not mean 2D: Using X-ray microtomography to study insect wings in 3D as a model for comparative studies. Methods in Ecology and Evolution 14(8): 2036–2048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.14132
- Shcherbakov DE, Shmakov AS (2024) Another new species of Iotacyphinae (Lophioneuridae, Thysanoptera s.l.) from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber. Russian Entomological Journal 33(4): 415–418. https://doi.org/10.15298/rusentj.33.4.01
- Shcherbakov DE, Bashkuev AS, Shmakov AS (2024) A new genus of Lophioneuridae (Thysanoptera s.l.) with elytrized forewings from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber. Russian Entomological Journal 33(3): 272–275. https://kmkjournals.com/journals/REJ/REJ_Index_Volumes/REJ_33/REJ_33_3_272_275
- Smithers CN (1990) Keys to the families and genera of Psocoptera (Arthropoda, Insecta). Technical Reports of the Australian Museum 2: 1–82. https://doi.org/10.3853/j.1031-8062.2.1990.77
- Stockar R, Baumgartner PO, Condon D (2012) Integrated Ladinian biochronostratigraphy and geochronology of Monte San Giorgio (Southern Alps, Switzerland). Swiss Journal of Geoscience 60: 85–108. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00015-012-0093-5
- Stockar R, Adatte T, Baumgartner PO, Föllmi KB (2013) Palaeoenvironmental significance of organic facies and stable isotope signatures: The Ladinian San Giorgio Dolomite and Meride Limestone of Monte San Giorgio (Switzerland, WHL UNESCO). Sedimentology 60: 239–269. https://doi.org/10.1111/sed.12021
- Tillyard RJ (1921) Two fossil insect wings in the collection of Mr John Mitchell, from the Upper Permian of Newcastle, NSW belonging to the order Hemiptera. The Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 46: 413–422. https://biostor.org/reference/53927
- Tintori A (1990) The actinopterygian fish Prohаlecites from the Triassic of Northern Italy. Palaeontology 33(1): 155–154.
- Zherikhin VV (2000) A new genus and species of Lophioneuridae from Burmese amber (Thripida (= Thysanoptera): Lophioneuridae). Bulletin of the Natural History Museum 56(1): 39–41. https://biostor.org/reference/265956