Current Pattern of Ocular Trauma – A Study in a Tertiary Care Centre

Background – Ocular trauma a significant cause of the visual impairment and blindness globally. It is varies in certain demographics and regions. A large number cases is reported every year.

Aims – To study the current causes and types of ocular trauma and its distribution according to age and sex.

Material and Methods- The patients attending at Assam Medical College and Hospital, Dibrugarh with ocular trauma fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria during the study period included in this study. The distribution of ocular trauma was tabulated according to age, sex, laterality, cause of trauma, type of trauma, visual acuity and type of treatment required. Finally, the results of this study were summarized and a conclusion derived from the clinical analysis of observations made during the study.

Results- In this study 100 patients and 113 eyes were included. Male female ratio was 3.4:1. Highest number of ocular trauma observed in 20-29 years age group (29%). Unilateral injury was higher than bilateral injury (87%). Close globe injury was 71% and open globe injury was 29%. Road traffic accident (22%), mechanical cause (22%) and agriculture related injury (21%) were the common cause ocular trauma.

Conclusion- Industrial cause as well as agricultural causes were the common cause in this region. Male were more involved ocular trauma and the common age group was 20-29 years. Awareness regarding possible causes of ocular trauma and adequate safety measures are important for prevention of ocular trauma