PHARMACOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT OF IRON DEFECIENCY ANEMIA

The most prevalent nutritional condition in the world is iron deficiency anemia (IDA), which is caused by insufficient iron intake, absorption, or chronic loss and impairs hemoglobin synthesis. Fatigue, pallor, dyspnea, and laboratory evidence of microcytic hypochromic anemia with low serum ferritin and transferrin saturation are some of the clinical manifestations. Parenteral iron is only used in cases of severe anemia, intolerance, or malabsorption; oral iron supplements, such as ferrous sulfate, are the first-line treatment. Monitoring hemoglobin and iron indices is crucial to determine response, and adjunctive therapy with folic acid or vitamin B12 may be required in cases of coexisting deficiencies. Improved tolerability and bioavailability are provided by novel formulations such as liposomal and sucrosomial iron, which emphasize customized treatment to replenish iron stores and enhance patient.