Eco-Friendly Liquid-Phase Synthesis and Characterization of Graphene Oxide Films for Chemical Sensor Applications

The great demand for sustainable material in Nanotechnological industries has sparked the discovery of wonder material known as graphene and its derivatives (graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide) because of its unique properties ranging from structural, electrical and optical properties. However, the conventional method has left chemical and high temperatures that are hazardous to human health and the environment. This research deals with an ecofriendly method of synthesis and deposition of graphene oxide (GO) using spin coating, achieving thin films with uniform structural, optical, and electrical properties. The Scanning Electron Microscope analysis at a magnification of 1µm, revealed a wrinkled morphology typical of GO, while Raman spectroscopy unveiled G band at ~1600 cm⁻¹ and D band at ~1350 cm⁻¹ which confirmed the presence of graphitic domains and defects respectively. UV-V spectroscopy analysis reveals the absorption peak at 232 nm while the shoulder appears around 294 nm which verifies the successful oxidation and exfoliation of graphite into GO, with well-defined optical characteristics. Hence, the linear I-V curve indicated consistent electrical behavior across the film. These findings demonstrate the potential of first eco-friendly GO films for sensors via spin coating for applications in advanced materials and nanotechnology.