The Impact of Carbon Tax Policy on Corporate Competitiveness and Production Costs: Lessons for Vietnam

This study analyzes the role of carbon taxation in reducing emissions and facilitating the transition toward a low-carbon economy. Drawing on international experiences from both developed and developing countries, the authors examine the impacts of carbon taxes on production costs and corporate competitiveness. The study further emphasizes that the effectiveness of carbon taxation requires complementary support mechanisms such as financial incentives, preferential loans, training, and technical assistance to enable firms to adapt to carbon costs while fostering investment in clean technologies and improving production efficiency. A qualitative research approach is employed to extract lessons learned, identify policy gaps, and propose solutions that help small and medium-sized enterprises adapt to carbon-related costs, while encouraging larger firms to invest in clean technologies and optimize production processes. The findings provide valuable policy insights for Vietnam in designing a feasible carbon tax roadmap, thereby fostering green transformation, improving energy efficiency, and maintaining the competitiveness of the national economy.