Chapter 6. Development of models and methods for assessing green skills in the labor market еcologization environment

The modern world is faced with an unprecedented number of interconnected environmental problems, the key ones being environmental pollution, climate change, loss of biodiversity, depletion of natural resources. One of the most serious environmental problems of our time, affecting all aspects of life on Earth, is global climate change, caused mainly by anthropogenic factors. The negative impacts of the deepening climate crisis on the sustainable economic development of countries around the world have created a real threat to humanity in recent decades and have led the world community to recognize the need to transition to a green economy as a way to solve these problems. Green transformation, which involves the transition to sustainable and environmentally friendly technologies, leads to serious changes in the labor market, in particular, it causes changes in the sectoral structure of employment, rapid growth of green jobs in various sectors of human activity and, accordingly, the need for green skills necessary to use new technologies. The implementation of the green policy leads to the elimination of a number of professions and specializations and the emergence of new priority professions and specializations in the labor market, focused on the restoration of ecological systems and careful interaction of man with the environment. New professions and specializations requiring the acquisition of green skills generate a discrepancy between the demand for human resources of the required profile and their supply. This, in turn, actualizes the problem of effective selection of personnel with the necessary skills and determines the need to develop models and methods for assessing the supply and demand for specialists, providing an opportunity to assess the compliance of the proposed skills with the requirements of vacant green jobs. This chapter proposes a methodological approach to intelligent management of supply and demand in the green segment of the labor market. Fuzzy multi-criteria methods for supporting decision-making have been developed, allowing, in the context of green professions and specialties, to determine the degree of compliance of the proposed skills with the level of required green skills. Models and algorithms for supporting decision-making to identify the degree of “greenness” of the proposed skills to the requirements of green jobs are proposed, taking into account the multivariate nature of the coordination of supply and demand.