Submarine Mud Volcano Optimization Algorithm

Submarine mud volcano eruptions are complex geological phenomena characterized by the gradual accumulation of deep sediment pressure, which, when reaching a critical value, triggers a transient mud eruption accompanied by mud diffusion and sediment redistribution. Inspired by submarine mud volcano eruptions, this study proposes a novel heuristic optimization algorithm, the Submarine Mud Volcano Optimization (SMVO). This algorithm adaptively couples global exploration with local exploitation by simulating multiple mechanisms, including potential accumulation, eruption mechanisms, mud diffusion, sediment weighting, and bubble gradient perturbations. This paper deduces the algorithm's mathematical formula in detail and presents the complete algorithmic workflow, providing a new approach to solving optimization problems.