Blue Tide Optimization Algorithm

With the widespread application of optimization problems in engineering, computer science, and complex systems, various heuristic optimization algorithms have emerged. This paper proposes a new heuristic optimization algorithm, Blue Tide Optimization (BTO), based on the ocean blue tide phenomenon. Blue tide refers to the natural phenomenon in which plankton and suspended particles in seawater form a dynamic blue body of water under the influence of currents, light, and group behavior. Drawing inspiration from the natural mechanisms of blue tides, the BTO algorithm maps features such as "local enrichment," "blue light feedback," "tidal perturbation," and "collective surge" into an optimization search mechanism, enabling efficient search for both continuous and discrete optimization problems. This paper systematically deduces the algorithm from a mathematical model perspective, proposing a complete position update formula, a local feedback mechanism, and a group coordination mechanism. The algorithm achieves a balance between exploration and exploitation by integrating global guidance with local enhancement, random perturbation, and group coordination. The BTO algorithm provides new insights into nature-inspired optimization and has broad potential for application.