Tutela e ricerca in un contesto carsico. Il caso della Grotta del Diavolo o Grotta dei Cauri a Prata Sannita (CE)
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Description
Grotta del Diavolo, also known as Grotta dei Cauri, is located in Prata Sannita, near the boundary with Fontegreca in the province of Caserta. The cave opens in a gorge on the southwestern outer slope of the Matese massif: it can be reached by a challenging traverse of the slope or by ascending the gorge directly. The entrance is 3 m high and about 1 m wide and opens along a vertical rock face. The cavity develops internally with a narrow corridor leading into a first small room, from which via a short narrow passage a much larger chamber is reached. Additionally, the cave is a temporary resurgence: during rainy periods, it releases large amounts of water and serves as the overflow of a spring. The Cave, already known from reports of fortuitous discoveries made by cavers during the 1980s, was the subject of a new amateur report in 2020 determining an intervention by the competent Superintendence. During repeated inspections of the cavity, carried out in collaboration with the speleological association Cocceius, the Superintendence ascertained the existence of anthropic frequentation, specifically in the innermost space of the cave. Here, a small stratigraphic survey was carried out, which allowed the identification of human remains, faunal remains, ceramic fragments, two amber beads (one fragmentary and one intact) and fragments of carbonized wood. The presence of human bones associated with ceramic material and amber ornaments allows us to hypothesize a funerary use of the cave to be dated to the Middle Bronze Age 3, based on the analysis of the ceramic finds. The brief framing made of the Campanian attestations, regarding rituals and/or traces of funerary practices in the cave, allows us to frame the frequentation of the Grotta dei Cauri in the context of widespread cult practices related to the presence of hypogeal waters.
Abstract (English)
Grotta del Diavolo, also known as Grotta dei Cauri, is located in Prata Sannita, near the boundary with Fontegreca in the province of Caserta. The cave opens in a gorge on the southwestern outer slope of the Matese massif: it can be reached by a challenging traverse of the slope or by ascending the gorge directly. The entrance is 3 m high and about 1 m wide and opens along a vertical rock face. The cavity develops internally with a narrow corridor leading into a first small room, from which via a short narrow passage a much larger chamber is reached. Additionally, the cave is a temporary resurgence: during rainy periods, it releases large amounts of water and serves as the overflow of a spring. The Cave, already known from reports of fortuitous discoveries made by cavers during the 1980s, was the subject of a new amateur report in 2020 determining an intervention by the competent Superintendence. During repeated inspections of the cavity, carried out in collaboration with the speleological association Cocceius, the Superintendence ascertained the existence of anthropic frequentation, specifically in the innermost space of the cave. Here, a small stratigraphic survey was carried out, which allowed the identification of human remains, faunal remains, ceramic fragments, two amber beads (one fragmentary and one intact) and fragments of carbonized wood. The presence of human bones associated with ceramic material and amber ornaments allows us to hypothesize a funerary use of the cave to be dated to the Middle Bronze Age 3, based on the analysis of the ceramic finds. The brief framing made of the Campanian attestations, regarding rituals and/or traces of funerary practices in the cave, allows us to frame the frequentation of the Grotta dei Cauri in the context of widespread cult practices related to the presence of hypogeal waters.
Abstract (Italian)
La Grotta del Diavolo, conosciuta anche come Grotta dei Cauri, si trova a Prata Sannita, nei pressi del confine con Fontegreca, in provincia di Caserta. La grotta si apre in una gola sul versante esterno sud-occidentale del massiccio del Matese: può essere raggiunta con un'impegnativa traversata del versante o risalendo direttamente la gola. L'ingresso, alto 3 m e largo circa 1 m, si apre lungo una parete rocciosa verticale. La cavità si sviluppa internamente con uno stretto corridoio che conduce a una prima sala, dalla quale, attraverso uno stretto passaggio, si raggiunge una concamerazione molto più ampia. Inoltre, la grotta è una risorgente temporanea: nei periodi piovosi emette copiose quantità d'acqua in quanto convoglia lo straripamento di una sorgente. La Grotta, già nota grazie alle segnalazioni di speleologi negli anni '80, è stata oggetto di una nuova segnalazione amatoriale nel 2020 determinando un intervento della Soprintendenza competente. Nel corso di ripetuti sopralluoghi nella cavità, effettuati in collaborazione con l'associazione speleologica Cocceius, la Soprintendenza ha accertato l'esistenza di una frequentazione antropica, in particolare nello spazio più interno della grotta. Qui è stata effettuata una indagine stratigrafica che ha permesso di individuare resti umani, resti faunistici, frammenti ceramici, due perle d'ambra e frammenti di legno carbonizzato. La presenza di ossa umane associate a materiale ceramico e ornamenti in ambra permette di ipotizzare un uso funerario della grotta da datare al Bronzo Medio 3, sulla base dei reperti ceramici. Il breve inquadramento fatto delle attestazioni campane, relative a rituali e/o tracce di pratiche funerarie nella grotta, permette di inquadrare la frequentazione della Grotta dei Cauri nel contesto di pratiche cultuali diffuse legate alla presenza di acque ipogee.
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Dates
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2025-09-19