Health Outcomes Beyond Age 50 Years in Survivors of Childhood Cancer: A Report From the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study

We assessed cause-specific mortality, incident new cancers, chronic health conditions (CHCs), frailty, and health status among survivors from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study, conditional on surviving to 50 years. We calculated conditional survival rates, standardized mortality ratios (SMRs), and, for incident new cancers, cumulative burden, standardized incidence ratios (SIRs), and relative rates (RRs), compared with the general US population. RRs for CHCs and prevalence ratios for frailty and health status outcomes were calculated for survivors compared with siblings. Piecewise exponential regression identified risk factors.