Aplicación de la instrucción explícita con entrenamiento de inteligencia artificial en la formación de profesores

This study explores the integration of Explicit Instruction principles with prompt-based training for Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools in teacher education. Conducted at the Faculty of Education of Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca, the project focused on English phonetics, specifically phonemic transcription, as a vehicle to develop both linguistic and pedagogical competencies. Through a series of structured workshops, students learned to design precise prompts for ChatGPT and applied these to train the model in phonetic transcription tasks. Results showed significant improvement in students’ phonetic accuracy and clarity of instructional design, with the AI achieving a mean transcription score of 98.44%. Additionally, students reported increased confidence in instructional delivery and classroom interaction, suggesting a transfer of skills to future teaching practice. The study highlights the pedagogical potential of aligning prompt engineering with explicit teaching methods, offering a replicable model for integrating AI into teacher training programs while fostering critical thinking, clarity, and communicative precision.