The Legal Framework of E-Commerce Contracts: Challenges and Opportunities in Bangladesh

The rapid proliferation of digital technologies has transformed traditional commercial practices, leading to the rise of e-commerce as a dominant mode of business in Bangladesh. This study explores the legal framework governing e-commerce contracts in Bangladesh, focusing on existing legislation, contractual enforceability, consumer protection, and dispute resolution. Through a doctrinal and empirical legal research methodology, the study investigates how well current laws align with the dynamic nature of online commercial transactions. The research draws upon key statutes such as the Information and Communication Technology Act, 2006, and the Contract Act, 1872, while also analysing practical challenges faced by stakeholders in the e-commerce ecosystem. Findings reveal significant gaps in the legal infrastructure, including weak enforcement mechanisms, digital fraud risks, a lack of awareness, and jurisdictional complexities. However, the study also identifies emerging opportunities, such as the potential for harmonisation with international legal standards and the development of digital dispute resolution systems. The research concludes with specific recommendations to strengthen the legal environment for e-commerce in Bangladesh, thus contributing to a more secure and efficient digital economy.