Key to the identification of the species of Sarax in Africa, the Middle East, and South Asia, modified from Miranda et al. (2021b)

1. Median eyes absent.................................................................................... 2

- Median eyes present................................................................................... 3

2. Lateral eyes reduced; tibia of leg I with more than 28 articles; leg I tarsus with more than 58 articles.......... S. omanensis

- Lateral eyes absent; tibia of leg I with 21 articles; leg I tarsus with 35 articles......................... S. stygochthobius

3. Pedipalp tarsus with one spine........................................................................... 4

- Pedipalp tarsus with two spines...........................................................................5

4. Pedipalp femur with three dorsal spines; pedipalp patella with five dorsal spines; female gonopods finger-like.. S. cochinensis

- Pedipalp femur with four dorsal spines; pedipalp patella with four dorsal spines; female gonopods plunger-like..................................................................................................... S. dhofarensis

5. Cheliceral claw with twelve teeth; leg IV basitibia with two pseudo-articles............................. S. socotranus

- Cheliceral claw with fewer than ten teeth; leg IV basitibia with three or four pseudo-articles.......................... 6

6. Leg IV basitibia with three pseudo-articles................................................................. 7

- Leg IV basitibia with four pseudo-articles..................................................................11

7. Cheliceral claw with four teeth; tibia of leg I with 23 articles; leg I tarsus with 39 articles................... S. bispinosus

- Cheliceral claw with more than four teeth; tibia of leg I with fewer than 23 articles; leg I tarsus with fewer than 39 articles.. 8

8. Pedipalp patella with two ventral spines............................................................ S. abbatei

- Pedipalp patella with three ventral spines.................................................................. 9

9. Median and lateral eyes reduced................................................................ S. pakistanus

- Median and lateral eyes well developed................................................................... 10

10. Pedipalp patella with small ventral setiferous tubercle between spine I and distal margin................... S. bengalensis

- Pedipalp patella with long ventral spine between spine I and distal margin, half the size of spine I.............. S. sinensis

11. Pedipalp patella with four dorsal spines....................................................................12

- Pedipalp patella with five dorsal spines................................................................... 13

12. Female gonopod absent (flat)................................................................ S. seychellarum

- Female gonopod obvious and almost conical.................................................. S. yunnan sp. nov.

13. Pedipalp femur with five dorsal spines and five ventral spines........................................ S. ioanniticus

- Pedipalp femur with four dorsal spines and four ventral spines....................................... S. israelensis