A Comprehensive Review on Chandipura Virus

Chandipura virus (CHPV), a member of the Rhabdoviridae family and Vesiculovirus genus, is an emerging neurotropic virus identified primarily in India. It causes acute encephalitis-like illness, mainly affecting children under 15 years, with a rapid clinical course and high case fatality rate. The virus is transmitted primarily by sandflies, with potential mosquito involvement. Since its discovery in 1965, CHPV outbreaks have posed significant public health concerns, especially in endemic regions. There is currently no specific antiviral therapy or vaccine available, making early diagnosis, vector control, and supportive treatment critical in managing outbreaks. Increased surveillance, molecular diagnostics, and “One Health” initiatives are key strategies to mitigate the impact of this deadly virus.