Global high-resolution (0.25×0.25) total water storage anomaly dataset derived by reproducing GRACE data

This dataset presents high-resolution (0.25°) terrestrial water storage anomalies (TWSA) derived through a novel iterative downscaling method applied to GRACE satellite observations. Unlike traditional approaches that rely heavily on hydrometeorological inputs and often miss anthropogenic signals, this method preserves nearly all of the original GRACE signal content. The downscaled TWSA demonstrates enhanced agreement with in-situ groundwater measurements, showing higher correlation in over 65% of global wells and reduced RMSE in more than 85%. Additionally, it maintains a strong correlation (average r = 0.97) with original GRACE data across all global 1° land grids, outperforming existing downscaling products.