A Systematic and Bibliometric Review of Garra rufa (Doctor Fish): Therapeutic Use, Research Landscape, and Knowledge Gaps (1993–2025)

This study presents a systematic and bibliometric analysis of Garra rufa (doctor fish) literature from 1993 to 2025, integrating PRISMA-guided review and science mapping via Bibliometrix. Covering 46 peer-reviewed publications, the findings reveal multidisciplinary interest in ecology, ichthyotherapy, aquaculture, and conservation. Key trends include increasing attention to zoonotic risks, biodiversity, and climate resilience. Despite biomedical promise, genetic and biosafety research remains limited. Türkiye and Iran dominate scholarly output, though international collaboration is sparse. This review provides a foundational reference for future research on G. rufa's therapeutic applications, environmental challenges, and sustainable use.