Comparison between IV Paracetamol and IV Morphine in Prevent Postoperative Pain during Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Background; Postoperative pain management is a critical aspect of surgical care, particularly after laparoscopic cholecystectomy, which is one of the most common abdominal surgeries performed worldwide. Aims of the study; Compare the effectiveness of intravenous paracetamol and intravenous morphine in preventing postoperative pain in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Specifically, the study seeks to evaluate the level of pain relief provided by each drug, assess patient satisfaction, and identify any adverse effects associated with their use. Methodology; This study took place at Al Imam Ali Hospital in Baghdad from December 2018 to February 2020. It included 60 adult patients who had laparoscopic cholecystectomy while under general anaesthesia. Patients were split into two groups: Group A, with 30 patients, got 2 mg of intravenous morphine, while Group B, also with 30 patients, received 1 g of intravenous paracetamol. Before surgery, we checked medical history, did physical checks, and performed standard tests. Pain was measured postoperatively using a mixed pain scale for 30 minutes. Anaesthesia was started using propofol, ketamine, and muscle relaxants. Result; The study found significant differences in patient distribution by age groups and ASA classification, with 45% in ASA 1 and 55% in ASA 2. Older age groups, especially >39 years, had a higher representation in ASA 2. Gender did not significantly impact ASA classification. Pain scores in the morphine and paracetamol groups were similar at all time points, showing no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05). Both groups exhibited a gradual decrease in pain scores from 4.83 to 3.5 over 30 minutes. Conclusions; This study concludes that age group significantly influences ASA classification, with older age groups more likely to be in ASA 2. Gender did not affect ASA classification. Additionally, both intravenous morphine and paracetamol provided comparable pain relief, with no statistically significant differences in pain scores between the two groups.