Tarucus (Kongmingius) waterstradti Druce 1895
Authors/Creators
- 1. Zhiguayunfanjicanghai, Aba, Sichuan, P. R. China.
- 2. Nanfanghangkongcheng, Sanya, Hainan, P. R. China.
- 3. Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China.
Description
Tarucus (Kongmingius) waterstradti Druce, 1895 (īa"ĸ)
Tarucus waterstradti waterstradti Druce, 1895: 585 for original description + pl. 32, fig. 21 for ♀; Evans (1955): 181 for ♂ genitalia; Seki et al. (1991): pl. 14, L67 for ♂ and ♀ lectotype; Takanami (1992): 42, fig. 13 for ♀ lectotype.
Castalius ananda waterstradti: Fruhstorfer (1918): 26; Fruhstorfer (1923): 885 + pl. 153 for ♀.
Castalius ananda vileja Fruhstorfer, 1918: 25 for original description + pl. 4, fig. 3 for ♂ genitalia; Fruhstorfer (1923): 885.
Tarucus waterstradti vileja: Evans (1955): 186; Maschwitz et al. (1985): 187 for early stages + 189 for underside + 190 for host; D’Abrera (1986): 649 for ♀; Saito & Inayoshi (2018): figs. 58, 59 for ♂ and ♀; van der Poorten & van der Poorten (2020): pl. 77, fig. 15 for ♂ and ♀; Inayoshi (2025): ♀♀.
Tarucus dharta Bethune-Baker, 1918: 291 for original description + pl. 14, fig. 15 for ♂ + pl. 17, fig. 14 for ♂ genitalia; Evans (1932): 215; Bailey (1951): 283.
Tarucus waterstradti dharta: Evans (1955): 186; Basu et al. (2019): fig. 1a for ♂ lectotype and ♀ paralectotype + fig. 1c for ♂ + fig. 2 for ♂ and genitalia + fig. 3b for ♂ genitalia; Sajan & Sapkota (2024): fig. 18; Inayoshi (2025) and Kunte et al. (2025): ♂♂ and ♀♀ + early stages.
Tarucus waterstradti simillimus Schröder & Treadaway, 1985: for original description.
Castalius ananda [misid.]: de Nicéville (1884): pl. 1, 11a for ♀.
Materials. Ssp. dharta: ♂, 29.I.2023, Thailand, Chiang Mai, Y. Inayoshi leg. (CYI). Ssp. vileja: ♂, 28.XI.2020, Thailand, Yala, Betong, S. Atdhabhan leg.; ♀: 28.VIII.2022, Thailand, Yala, Betong, S. Atdhabhan leg. (CYI).
Distribution. India, Nepal, Myanmar, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines.
Remarks. In addition to the differences listed by Evans (1955), this species can be also distinguished from the preceding species by the following characteristics: (i) the marginal spots on the hindwing underside, especially in space 2, are less conspicuous and adorned with blue scales; (ii) the postdiscal spots on the hindwing underside are more developed.
Notes
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Linked records
Additional details
Identifiers
Biodiversity
- Collection code
- CYI
- Scientific name authorship
- Druce
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Phylum
- Arthropoda
- Order
- Lepidoptera
- Family
- Lycaenidae
- Genus
- Tarucus
- Species
- waterstradti
- Taxon rank
- species
- Taxonomic concept label
- Tarucus (Kongmingius) waterstradti Druce, 1895 sec. Li, Liu, Yin & Li, 2025
References
- Druce, H. H. (1895) A Monograph of the Bornean Lycaenidae. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1895 (3), 556-627, pls. 31 - 34.
- Evans, W. H. (1955) A revision of the genus Tarucus (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) of Europe, North Africa and Asia. The Entomologist, 88, 179-187.
- Seki, Y., Takanami, Y. & Maruyama, K. (1991) Butterflies of Borneo. Vol. 2. No. 1. Lycaenidae. Tobishima Corporation, Tokyo, x + x + 139 + 114 pp.
- Takanami, Y. (1992) An additional catalogue on type specimens of Lycaenidae (Lepidoptera) from South East Asia, preserved in Museum fur Naturkunde der Humbold-Universitat zu Berlin. Tyo to Ga, 43 (1), 35-46.
- Fruhstorfer, H. (1918) Revision der Gattung Castalius auf Grund der Morphologie der Generationsorgane. Tijdschrift voor entomologie, 61 (1 / 2), 17-44, pls. 4 - 5.
- Fruhstorfer, H. (1923) Genus: Castalius Hbn. In: Seitz, A. (Ed.), The Macrolepidoptera of the world. Vol. 9. English Edition. Alfred Kernen, Stuttgart, pp. 882-891.
- Maschwitz, U., Schroth, M., Hanel, H. & Tho, Y. P. (1985) Aspects of the larval biology of myrmecophilous Lycaenids from West Malaysia (Lepidoptera). Nachrichten Des Entomologischen Vereins Apollo, 6 (4), 181-200.
- D'Abrera, B. (1986) Butterflies of the Oriental Region, Part III. Hill House, Victoria, 672 pp.
- Saito, K. & Inayoshi, Y. (2018) New taxa and new records of butterflies from Indochina. Butterflies, 79, 28-57.
- van der Poorten, G. M. & van der Poorten, N. E. (2020) The Butterflies of the Malay Peninsula. 5 th Edition. Southdene Sdn. Bhd., Kuala lumpur, 492 pp., 138 pls. [originally by Corbet, A. S. & Pendlebury, H. M.]
- Inayoshi, Y. (2025) A Check List of Butterflies in Indo-China, Chiefly from Thailand, Laos & Vietnam. Available from: http://yutaka.it-n.jp (accessed 18 January 2025)
- Bethune-Baker, G. T. (1918) A Revision of the genus Tarucus. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 1917, 269-296, pls. 7. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.1918.tb02572.x
- Evans, W. H. (1932) The Identification of Indian Butterflies, 2 nd edition revised. The Bombay Natural History Society, Madras, 454 pp.
- Bailey, F. M. (1951) Notes on butterflies from Nepal. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 50, 64 - 87, 281-298.
- Basu, D. N., Churi, P., Soman, A., Sengupta, A., Bhakare, M., Lokhande, S., Bhoite, S., Huertas, B. & Kunte, K. (2019) The genus Tarucus Moore, [1881] (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) in the Indian Subcontinent. Tropical Lepidoptera Research, 29 (2), 87-110. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3538155
- Sajan, K. & Sapkota, A. (2024) Butterfly Diversity and Community Dynamics in the Central Himalayas: Species Composition, Richness, Abundance, and Seasonal Variation of Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) in Bhorletar, Nepal. Ecology and Evolution, 14 (e 70612), 1-55. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.70612
- Kunte, K., Sondhi, S. & Roy, P. (Eds.) (2025) Butterflies of India. Available from: https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org (accessed 18 January 2025)
- de Niceville, L. (1884) On new and little-known Rhopalocera from the Indian Region. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, 52 (2), 65 - 91, pls. 1, 9-10.