Review of Composite Materials in Lightweight Chassis Design for a Vehicles for Reducing Weight, Emissions, and Fuel Consumption

The transport industry is a cornerstone of global economic development, but it also contributes significantly to environmental pollution, particularly through vehicle emissions. This review paper focuses on the design and analysis of lightweight composite materials for green vehicle chassis as a sustainable solution to reduce fuel consumption, emissions, and environmental impact. Traditional materials like High-Strength Low-Alloy (HSLA) steel, while widely used, are heavy and contribute to increased fuel usage and pollution. In contrast, composite materials such as S-Glass Epoxy and Carbon Epoxy offer superior strength-to-weight ratios, enhanced durability, and reduced environmental footprint. This paper reviews existing research on chassis design, emphasizing weight reduction, stress analysis, and deformation under various loading conditions. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) tools like ANSYS and CATIA are highlighted for their role in evaluating the performance of composite materials compared to traditional steel. Key findings indicate that composite materials significantly reduce chassis weight, improve fuel efficiency, and lower emissions without compromising structural integrity. The review also identifies research gaps, such as the need for cost-effective manufacturing processes and long-term durability studies. By leveraging advancements in material science, composite materials can revolutionize the automotive industry, enabling the production of lightweight, fuel-efficient, and environmentally friendly vehicles. This paper underscores the potential of composite materials to contribute to global sustainability goals and reduce the environmental impact of transportation.