Heritage Under Royal Patronage: The Role of Maharaja Pratap Singh in Conserving Historic sites of Jammu and Kashmir

Jammu and Kashmir, ruled by the Dogra kings, witnessed significant growth and development under the leadership of various rulers, with Maharaja Pratap Singh being a particularly distinguished figure. During his reign (1885–1925), major reforms were carried out to modernize the state and elevate its status among the Himalayan regions. Pratap Singh was the eldest son of Maharaja Ranbir Singh and the grandson of Maharaja Gulab Singh. Continuing his forefathers’ legacy, he devoted his life to developing Jammu and Kashmir. This study focuses on Maharaja Pratap Singh’s work in the conservation of heritage sites within the state, with specific reference to the late 19th and early 20th centuries. During this period, India witnessed numerous archaeological discoveries, and the Archaeological Survey of India was under British administration. Just as in other parts of the country, Jammu and Kashmir became a focal point of archaeological surveys, and Maharaja Pratap Singh was instrumental in safeguarding the state’s cultural and historical heritage. This paper analyses the various steps taken by the authorities of Jammu and Kashmir under the patronage of Maharaja Pratap Singh to safeguard historical and archaeological sites in the princely state. It draws on primary data from state reports, archaeological surveys, and travellers’ accounts to understand the heritage conservation measures implemented. Jammu and Kashmir’s legacy of historical treasures was preserved and made accessible for future generations through the Maharaja’s initiatives in that regard.

Keywords: Heritage conservation, Jammu and Kashmir, Archaeology, Temples, ASI