Tidal Spin-up of Subdwarf B Stars

Hot subdwarf B (sdB) stars are often found in close binaries, where they experience strong tidal interactions. The dissipation of tidally excited gravity waves alters their rotational evolution throughout the sdB lifetime. While many sdB binaries have well-measured rotational and orbital frequencies, there have been few theoretical efforts to accurately calculate the tidal torque produced by gravity waves. In this work, we directly calculate the tidal excitation of internal gravity waves in realistic sdB stellar models and integrate the coupled spin–orbit evolution of sdB binaries. We find that for canonical sdB binaries, the transitional orbital period below which they could reach tidal synchronization in the sdB lifetime is 0.2 day, with weak dependence on the companion masses. For low-mass sdBs formed from more massive progenitor stars, the transitional orbital period becomes 0.15 day. These values are very similar to the tidal synchronization boundary (0.2 day) evident from observations.