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Published June 23, 2025 | Version v1

Supplementary videos for the paper titled: Understanding the Drag Torque in Common Envelope Evolution

  • 1. ROR icon National Institute of Science Education and Research
  • 2. University of Rochester

Description

Supporting Materials for the paper titled, "Understanding the Drag Torque in Common Envelope Evolution", written by the authors listed in creators. The movies show temporal evolution of several physical quantities (listed below) of a common envelope evolution with an AGB star as primary and a companion of equal mass (0.53 solar mass). The softening radii of AGB core (left) and companion (right) are shown in black circles (cyan, in the torque_density_units_r_over_a_each_5_frames_fps_5.gif movie). The files with "units_r_over_a" in their names are in r/separation units, while the files with "units_r_sun" are in solar radii units. Here are the quantities shown in the movies:

  1. Density: The movies starting with "density" show the pseudocolor plot of density in the orbital plane, with the thick white contour showing density= critical density= 0.006 times maximum density in each frame. The thin grey contours show density = 4 * critical density, 2 * critical density, 0.5 * critical density and 0.25 * critical density.
  2. Average Mach number of perturbers: The movies starting with "Mach_p" show the average of the Mach numbers of the perturbers (AGB core and companion), plotted between 0 and 2 in blue-red colors. The white region shows the transition from subsonic to supersonic (i.e. Mach= 1). The black contour shows density= critical density.
  3. Difference over sum of the perturber and gas angular velocity: The movies starting with "Omega_diff_over_sum" show the difference over sum of the angular velocities of perturber and gas. We use the average angular velocity of AGB core and companion for perturber angular velocity. The region is mostly red, showing perturber angular velocity dominating the gas angular velocity, while the pinch of blue at the center is probably due to turbulence. The white region near perturbers suggest that the gas is roughly in corotation in the region.
  4. Torque Density: The files starting with "torqure_density" show the torque density on both the particles. The black and white contours respectively show the positively and negatively contributing regions to the drag. The highest contour levels near the particles are +- 10^12 dyn cm^-2, and contours are also plotted for , +- 10^11 dyn cm^-2, +- 10^10 dyn cm^-2, and so on.

Files

density_r_Sun_units_each_5_frames_fps_5.gif