Clinico Epidemiological Study of Leprosy Cases at a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors/Creators
- 1. International Journal of Medical Science and Innovative Research (IJMSIR)
Description
Abstract
Introduction: Current statistics show that leprosy continues to be a public health problem in India despite free treatment and continuous efforts of the government.3 India and Brazil account for the maximum burden of disease
Aim and Objective: To determine sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of newly diagnosed adults and children (less than 15 years) with leprosy and their trends over 10 years at a tertiary care center
Methodology: Case records of leprosy patients treated at a tertiary care hospital over 10 years from 2012 to 2021 were studied retrospectively
Results: Most of the patients were in the age group of 41-60 years and more than 60 years age group. Most of the patients were males. Characteristics facies was present in 187 (20.6%) patients and it was absent in 719 (79.4%) patients. In most of the patients, characteristic facies was absent. Mucosa was not involved in 698 (77%) patients. In 45 (5%) patients, no sites were involved. In 592 (65.3%) patients, <=3 sites were involved, in 267 (29.5%) patients, 4 to 6 sites were involved and in 2 (0.2%) patients, 7 to 10 sites were involved. Nerve abscess was present in only 11 (1.2%) patients, while it was absent in 895 (98.8%) patients. Neuritis was present in 327 (36.1%) patients, while it was absent in 579 (63.9%) patients., slit skin smear was found to be positive in 636 (70.2%) patients, while it was negative in 270 (29.8%) patients. BT, BL and LL were the most common types of leprosy seen in our study. MB-MDT was given in 680 (75.1%) patients; PB-MDT in 224 (24.7%) patients and PB-MBT in 2 (0.2%) patients in 193 (21.3%) patients, there was a positive family history of leprosy; while in 713 (78.7%) patients, there was no family history of leprosy, 185 (20.4%) patients had Type 1 and 119 (13.1%) patients had Type 2 reactions, while in 602 (66.4%) patients, there were no reactions. Deformity was absent in 236 (26%) patients. In 62 (6.8%) patients, there was Grade 0 deformity; in 338 (37.3%) patient, there was Grade 1 deformity; and in 270 (29.8%) patients, there was Grade 2 deformity. whereas Side effects of drugs was seen in only 59 (6.5%) patients. 49 (5.4%) patients were seen in 2010; 69 (7.6%) patients were seen in 2011; 74 (8.2%) patients were seen in 2012; 80 (8.8%) patients were seen in 2013; 89 (9.8%) patients were seen in 2014; 99 (10.9%) patients were seen in 2015 patients; 93 (10.3%) patients were seen in 2016; 108 (11.9%) patients were seen in 2017; 124 (13.7%) patients were seen in 2018 and 121 (11.4%) patients were seen in 2019. In most of the patients 1 and 2 nerves were involved Ulnar, peroneal and radial nerve were more commonly involved in these patients
Conclusion: There Is A Increasing Trend In Leprosy In Last 10 Years in Our Study
Limitation: This Is A Reterospective Study is its limitation
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References
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