Navigating Nigeria Surrogacy Laws: A Focus on Domestic Surrogacy and the UK's Surrogacy Bill

Surrogacy, as a method of assisted reproduction, has garnered increasing attention globally, yet remains a complex and controversial issue in many jurisdictions. In Nigeria, the legal framework surrounding surrogacy particularly domestic surrogacy remains largely undeveloped, ambiguous, and influenced by cultural, religious, and ethical considerations. This paper critically examines the current legal and regulatory landscape governing surrogacy in Nigeria, highlighting the gaps in legislation, the reliance on contractual agreements, and the legal status of commissioning parents and surrogates. The article adopts doctrinal method, with primary and secondary sources, which review the roles of both the legal and institutional frameworks, Against this backdrop, the study draws a comparative analysis with the United Kingdom’s proposed Surrogacy Bill, which aims to modernize outdated laws by prioritizing the welfare of the child, ensuring clearer parental rights, and providing legal recognition of surrogacy arrangements from the outset. By exploring the UK's legislative approach, the paper proposes recommendations for reforming Nigeria’s surrogacy laws to enhance legal clarity, protect the rights of all parties involved, and ensure ethical surrogacy practices. The paper underscores the urgent need for comprehensive domestic regulation in Nigeria that aligns with global best practices while remaining sensitive to local socio-cultural dynamics.